Table of Contents
Evaluation of Phytoremediation Effectiveness
Monitoring phytoremediation of petroleum
programs has specific considerations
By nature, phytoremediation of petroleum
progresses slowly and subtly
Phytoremediation will be monitored
for a long time - not months, but years
Sampling design needs to consider the
length of the study
Contamination (e.g., TPH) is not homogeneously
distributed in the soil matrix
Plant coverage demonstrates variability
in field trials
RTDF program developed an analytical
program to account for these issues
Common approach allows for comparison
of data across the program
Methodology is focused on key hydrocarbons
of analytical and regulatory significance
Sample Preparation and Analysis Flow
Example GC/FID Chromatogram Output
Example Expanded PAH Output
TPHCWG Sample Preparation and Analysis
Flow
Example TPHCWG Chromatogram Output
TPHCWG Data
An extensive quality assurance program
was applied to the program
Status of Field Sites and Planned Sampling
Dates
Conventional remediation evaluation
approach monitors the decrease in TPH or individual target compounds
Conventional methods of evaluation
of petroleum phytoremediation effectiveness are limited in utility
Alternate views
Example of Conserved Internal Marker
Process effectiveness is measured as
oil depletion relative to internal chemical markers.
Hopane is used as an internal marker
for measurement of remediation effectiveness
Example of Hopane Calculation
Other normalization methods, such as
those using higher molecular weight PAHs can be used
Weathering Ratios
Evaluation of risk reduction focuses
on PAH and TPH ranges
Risk Based Screening Levels for Residential
Surface Soils
Change in TPHCWG Distribution
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